{"id":380,"date":"2025-09-22T12:34:11","date_gmt":"2025-09-22T12:34:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/probessor.com\/?page_id=380"},"modified":"2026-05-03T18:50:04","modified_gmt":"2026-05-03T18:50:04","slug":"standardized-methods","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/probessor.com\/index.php\/standardized-methods\/","title":{"rendered":"Methodology"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div style=\"height:29px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">Sometimes the need differs from standardized methods, and well&#8230; If something is ought to be standardized, it doesn&#8217;t hurt for it to exist first. Below is a surface resistance bar electrode (SRB), which is an alternative approach to using the concentric ring electrode. More of the reasons may be read from this <a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10702156\">publication<\/a> in more detail. Note, it is behind a small paywall.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"267\" src=\"https:\/\/probessor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Nimeton-malli-1024x267.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-354\" style=\"width:828px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/probessor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Nimeton-malli-1024x267.png 1024w, https:\/\/probessor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Nimeton-malli-300x78.png 300w, https:\/\/probessor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Nimeton-malli-768x200.png 768w, https:\/\/probessor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Nimeton-malli-1536x400.png 1536w, https:\/\/probessor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Nimeton-malli.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">The smaller handheld electrodes are designed to enable measurement of more complex test environments, e.g., directly on a conveyor belt and parts with no well-defined areas for proper placement of a bulkier electrode. In you&#8217;re not aware of what you&#8217;re looking for, get in touch via <a href=\"https:\/\/probessor.com\">contact form<\/a> and we&#8217;ll see if we&#8217;ve got something ready, in case not, then we&#8217;ll provide you a feasibility check including estimate for cost and lead time to get something tailored.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/probessor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/4-point-method-explained-1024x683.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-579\" srcset=\"https:\/\/probessor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/4-point-method-explained-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/probessor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/4-point-method-explained-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/probessor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/4-point-method-explained-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/probessor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/4-point-method-explained-375x250.png 375w, https:\/\/probessor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/4-point-method-explained-233x156.png 233w, https:\/\/probessor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/4-point-method-explained-380x252.png 380w, https:\/\/probessor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/4-point-method-explained.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\">Standard 4-point methods<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are two well established, methods for 4-point volume resistivity measurement of conductive plastics, here is a short comparison of them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/store.astm.org\/d0991-89r20.html\">ASTM D991<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Current electrodes are on both sides of the sample, aligned and connected with a jumper wiring.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Load between the current electrodes is varied according to the sample width, which is defined as 1 to 15 cm. The applied force is 300 N\/m.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pointy voltage electrodes are on the bottom side of the sample. Applied force is 60 N\/m.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>More streamlined measurement process.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/81838.html\">ISO 3915<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sample is fixed to outer electrodes with more leeway in design, not necessarily from both sides.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Current electrode load is not specified, while the voltage sensing system mass is defined to exert roughly a force of 0,6 N on the sample across the span of 10 \u00b1 0,2 mm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>More complicated sampling process.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">In case none of these are what you&#8217;re looking for, get in touch via <a href=\"https:\/\/probessor.com\">contact form<\/a> and we&#8217;ll see if we&#8217;ve got something ready, in case not, then you will get a feasibility check including estimate for cost and lead time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sometimes the need differs from standardized methods, and well&#8230; If something is ought to be standardized, it doesn&#8217;t hurt for it to exist first. Below is a surface resistance bar electrode (SRB), which is an alternative approach to using the concentric ring electrode. More of the reasons may be read from this publication in more&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-380","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Methodology - Probes and fixtures for material testing<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/probessor.com\/index.php\/standardized-methods\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fi_FI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Methodology - Probes and fixtures for material testing\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sometimes the need differs from standardized methods, and well&#8230; If something is ought to be standardized, it doesn&#8217;t hurt for it to exist first. 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